Standard 2: Transfer of Energy – Change from one form of energy to another
(i.e., electrical energy to light energy). The student will engage in
investigations that integrate the process standards and lead to the discovery of
the following objectives:
2.1
Energy exists in many forms such as heat, light, electricity, mechanical motion,
and sound. Energy can be transferred in various ways.
2.2
Electrical circuits provide a means of transferring electrical energy when heat,
light, and sound are produced (e.g., open and closed circuits).
2.3
Electric currents and magnets can exert a force on each other.
Process Standard 1: Observe and measure – Observing is the first action taken
by the learner to acquire new information about an object, organism, or event.
Opportunities for observation are developed through the use of a variety of
scientific tools. Measurement allows observations to be quantified. The student
will accomplish these objectives to meet this process standard.
PS1.1
Identify qualitative and/or quantitative changes given conditions (e.g.,
temperature, mass, volume, time, position, length) before, during, and after an
event.
PS1.2
Use appropriate tools (e.g., metric rulers, graduated cylinders, thermometers,
balances, spring scales, stopwatches) to measure objects, organisms, and/or
events.
PS1.3
Use appropriate System International (SI) units (i.e., grams, meters, liters,
degrees Celsius, and seconds); and SI prefixes (i.e., micro- milli-, centi-, and
kilo-) when measuring objects, organisms, and/or events.
Process Standard 2: Classify – Classifying establishes order. Objects,
organisms, and events are classified based on similarities, differences, and
interrelationships. The student will accomplish these objectives to meet this
process standard.
PS2.1
Using observable properties, place an object, organism, and/or event into a
classification system (e.g., dichotomous keys).
PS2.2
Identify properties by which a set of objects, organisms, or events could be
ordered.
Process Standard 3: Experiment – Experimenting is a method of discovering
information. It requires making observations and measurements to test ideas. The
student will accomplish these objectives to meet this process standard.
PS3.1
Ask questions about the world and design investigations that lead to scientific
inquiry.
PS3.2
Evaluate the design of a scientific investigation.
PS3.3
Identify variables and/or controls in an experimental setup (i.e., tested,
experimental, and measured variables).
PS3.4
Identify a testable hypothesis for an experiment.
PS3.5
Design and conduct experiments.
PS3.6
Recognize potential hazards and practice safety procedures in all science
activities
Process Standard 4: Interpret and Communicate – Interpreting is the process
of recognizing patterns in collected data by making inferences, predictions, or
conclusions. Communicating is the process of describing, recording, and
reporting experimental procedures and results to others. Communication may be
oral, written, or mathematical and includes organizing ideas, using appropriate
vocabulary, graphs, other visual representations, and mathematical equations.
The student will accomplish these objectives to meet this process standard.
PS4.1
Report data in an appropriate method when given an experimental procedure or
data.
PS4.2
Interpret data tables, line, bar, trend, and/or circle graphs.
PS4.3
Evaluate data to develop reasonable explanation, and/or predictions.
PS4.4
Accept or reject hypotheses when given results of an investigation.
PS4.5
Communicate scientific procedures and explanations.
Process Standard 5: Inquiry – Inquiry can be defined as the skills necessary
to carry out the process of scientific or systemic thinking. In order for
inquiry to occur, students must have the opportunity to ask a question,
formulate a procedure, and observe phenomena. The student will accomplish these
objectives to meet this process standard.
PS5.1
Use systematic observations, make accurate measurements, and identify and
control variables.
PS5.2
Use technology to gather data and analyze results of investigations
PS5.3
Review data, summarize data, and form logical conclusions.
PS5.4
Formulate and evaluate explanations proposed by examining and comparing
evidence, pointing out statements that go beyond evidence, and suggesting
alternative explanations.
Standard 1: Physical properties in matter – Physical characteristics of
objects can be described using shape, size and mass whereas the materials from
which objects are made can be described using color and texture. The student
will engage in investigations that integrate the process standards and lead to
the discovery of the following objectives.
1.1
Matter has physical properties that can be measured (i.e., mass, volume,
temperature, color, and texture). Changes in physical properties of objects can
be observed, described, and measured using tools such as simple microscopes,
gram spring scales, metric rulers, metric balances, and Celsius thermometers.
1.2
The mass of an object is not altered due to changes in shape.
Process Standard 1: Observe and measure – Observing is the first action taken
by the learner to acquire new information about an object, organism, or event.
Opportunities for observation are developed through the use of a variety of
scientific tools. Measurement allows observations to be quantified. The student
will accomplish these objectives to meet this process standard.
PS1.1
Identify qualitative and/or quantitative changes given conditions (e.g.,
temperature, mass, volume, time, position, length) before, during, and after an
event.
PS1.2
Use appropriate tools (e.g., metric rulers, graduated cylinders, thermometers,
balances, spring scales, stopwatches) to measure objects, organisms, and/or
events.
PS1.3
Use appropriate System International (SI) units (i.e., grams, meters, liters,
degrees Celsius,
and seconds); and SI prefixes (i.e., micro- milli-, centi-, and kilo-) when
measuring objects, organisms, and/or events.
Process Standard 2: Classify – Classifying establishes order. Objects,
organisms, and events are classified based on similarities, differences, and
interrelationships. The student will accomplish these objectives to meet this
process standard.
PS2.1
Using observable properties, place an object, organism, and/or event into a
classification system (e.g., dichotomous keys).
PS2.2
Identify properties by which a set of objects, organisms, or events could be
ordered.
Process Standard 3: Experiment – Experimenting is a method of discovering
information. It requires making observations and measurements to test ideas. The
student will accomplish these objectives to meet this process standard.
PS3.1
Ask questions about the world and design investigations that lead to scientific
inquiry.
PS3.2
Evaluate the design of a scientific investigation.
PS3.3
Identify variables and/or controls in an experimental setup (i.e., tested,
experimental, and measured variables.
PS3.4
Identify a testable hypothesis for an experiment.
PS3.5
Design and conduct experiments.
PS3.6
Recognize potential hazards and practice safety procedures in all science
activities.
Process Standard 4: Interpret and Communicate – Interpreting is the process
of recognizing patterns in collected data by making inferences, predictions, or
conclusions. Communicating is the process of describing, recording, and
reporting experimental procedures and results to others. Communication may be
oral, written, or mathematical and includes organizing ideas, using appropriate
vocabulary, graphs, other visual representations, and mathematical equations.
The student will accomplish these objectives to meet this process standard.
PS4.1
Report data in an appropriate method when given an experimental procedure or
data.
PS4.2
Interpret data tables, line, bar, trend, and/or circle graphs.
PS4.3
Evaluate data to develop reasonable explanation, and/or predictions.
PS4.4
Accept or reject hypotheses when given results of an investigation
PS4.5
Communicate scientific procedures and explanations.
Process Standard 5: Inquiry – Inquiry can be defined as the skills necessary
to carry out the process of scientific or systemic thinking. In order for
inquiry to occur, students must have the opportunity to ask a question,
formulate a procedure, and observe phenomena. The student will accomplish these
objectives to meet this process standard.
PS5.1
Use systematic observations, make accurate measurements, and identify and
control variables.
PS5.2
Use technology to gather data and analyze results of investigations.
PS5.3
Review data, summarize data, and form logical conclusions.
PS5.4
Formulate and evaluate explanations proposed by examining and comparing
evidence, pointing out statements that go beyond evidence, and suggesting
alternative explanations.
Standard 3: Structure and Function in Living Systems – Living systems at all
levels of organization demonstrate the complementary nature of structure and
function. The student will engage in investigations that integrate the process
standards and lead to the discovery of the following objectives:
3.1
Cells are the building blocks of all organisms (both plants and animals).
3.2
Living systems are organized by levels of complexity (i.e., cells, organisms,
and ecosystems).
Standard 4: Populations and Ecosystems – Populations consist of individuals
of a species that occur together at a given place and time. All populations
living together and the physical factor with which they interact compose an
ecosystem. The student will engage in investigations that integrate the process
standards and lead to the discovery of the following objectives:
4.1
Organisms within an ecosystem are dependent on one another and on nonliving
components of the environment. Some source of energy is needed for all organisms
to stay alive and grow. Energy transfer can be followed in food chains and webs.
4.2
In all environments, organisms with similar needs may compete with one another
for resources, including food, space, water, air, and shelter. Other
relationships may be beneficial.
Process Standard 1: Observe and measure – Observing is the first action taken
by the learner to acquire new information about an object, organism, or event.
Opportunities for observation are developed through the use of a variety of
scientific tools. Measurement allows observations to be quantified. The student
will accomplish these objectives to meet this process standard.
PS1.1
Identify qualitative and/or quantitative changes given conditions (e.g.,
temperature, mass, volume, time, position, length) before, during, and after an
event.
PS 1.2
Use appropriate tools (e.g., metric rulers, graduated cylinders, thermometers,
balances, spring scales, stopwatches) to measure objects, organisms, and/or
events.
PS1.3
Use appropriate System International (SI) units (i.e., grams, meters, liters,
degrees Celsius, and seconds); and SI prefixes (i.e., micro- milli-, centi-, and
kilo-) when measuring objects, organisms, and/or events.
Process Standard 2: Classify – Classifying establishes order. Objects,
organisms, and events are classified based on similarities, differences, and
interrelationships. The student will accomplish these objectives to meet this
process standard.
PS2.1
Using observable properties, place an object, organism, and/or event into a
classification system (e.g., dichotomous keys).
PS2.2
Identify properties by which a set of objects, organisms, or events could be
ordered.
Process Standard 3: Experiment – Experimenting is a method of discovering
information. It requires making observations and measurements to test ideas. The
student will accomplish these objectives to meet this process standard.
PS3.1
Ask questions about the world and design investigations that lead to scientific
inquiry.
PS3.2
Evaluate the design of a scientific investigation.
PS3.3
Identify variables and/or controls in an experimental setup (i.e., tested,
experimental, and measured variables.
PS3.4
Identify a testable hypothesis for an experiment.
PS3.5
Design and conduct experiments.
PS3.6
Recognize potential hazards and practice safety procedures in all science
activities.
Process Standard 4: Interpret and Communicate – Interpreting is the process
of recognizing patterns in collected data by making inferences, predictions, or
conclusions. Communicating is the process of describing, recording, and
reporting experimental procedures and results to others. Communication may be
oral, written, or mathematical and includes organizing ideas, using appropriate
vocabulary, graphs, other visual representations, and mathematical equations.
The student will accomplish these objectives to meet this process standard.
PS4.1
Report data in an appropriate method when given an experimental procedure or
data.
PS4.2
Interpret data tables, line, bar, trend, and/or circle graphs.
PS4.3
Evaluate data to develop reasonable explanation, and/or predictions.
PS4.4
Accept or reject hypotheses when given results of an investigation.
PS4.5
Communicate scientific procedures and explanations.
Process Standard 5: Inquiry – Inquiry can be defined as the skills necessary
to carry out the process of scientific or systemic thinking. In order for
inquiry to occur, students must have the opportunity to ask a question,
formulate a procedure, and observe phenomena. The student will accomplish these
objectives to meet this process standard.
PS5.1
Use systematic observations, make accurate measurements, and identify and
control variables.
PS5.2
Use technology to gather data and analyze results of investigations.
PS5.3
Review data, summarize data, and form logical conclusions.
PS5.4
Formulate and evaluate explanations proposed by examining and comparing
evidence, pointing out statements that go beyond evidence, and suggesting
alternative explanations.
Standard 5: Structures of the Earth and the Solar System – The earth is
mostly rock, three-fourths of its surface is covered by a relatively thin layer
of water, and the entire planet is surrounded by a relatively thin blanket of
air, and is able to support life. The student will engage in investigations that
integrate the process standards and lead to the discover of the following
objectives:
5.1
Earth has four main systems that interact: the atmosphere, the hydrosphere, the
biosphere, and the geosphere.
5.2
Water, which covers the majority of the Earth’s surface, circulates through the
crust, oceans, and atmosphere in what is known as the water cycle.
5.3
The sun provides the light and heat necessary to maintain life on Earth and is
the ultimate source of energy (i.e., producers receive their energy from the
sun).
Process Standard 1: Observe and measure – Observing is the first action taken
by the learner to acquire new information about an object, organism, or event.
Opportunities for observation are developed through the use of a variety of
scientific tools. Measurement allows observations to be quantified. The student
will accomplish these objectives to meet this process standard.
PS1.1
Identify qualitative and/or quantitative changes given conditions (e.g.,
temperature, mass, volume, time, position, length) before, during, and after an
event.
PS1.2
Use appropriate tools (e.g., metric rulers, graduated cylinders, thermometers,
balances, spring scales, stopwatches) to measure objects, organisms, and/or
events.
PS1.3
Use appropriate System International (SI) units (i.e., grams, meters, liters,
degrees Celsius, and seconds); and SI prefixes (i.e., micro- milli-, centi-, and
kilo-) when measuring objects, organisms, and/or events.
Process Standard 2: Classify – Classifying establishes order. Objects,
organisms, and events are classified based on similarities, differences, and
interrelationships. The student will accomplish these objectives to meet this
process standard.
PS2.1
Using observable properties, place an object, organism, and/or event into a
classification system (e.g., dichotomous keys).
PS2.2
Identify properties by which a set of objects, organisms, or events could be
ordered.
Process Standard 3: Experiment – Experimenting is a method of discovering
information. It requires making observations and measurements to test ideas. The
student will accomplish these objectives to meet this process standard.
PS3.1
Ask questions about the world and design investigations that lead to scientific
inquiry.
PS3.2
Evaluate the design of a scientific investigation.
PS3.3
Identify variables and/or controls in an experimental setup (i.e., tested,
experimental, and measured variables).
PS3.4
Identify a testable hypothesis for an experiment.
PS3.5
Design and conduct experiments.
PS3.6
Recognize potential hazards and practice safety procedures in all science
activities.
Process Standard 4: Interpret and Communicate – Interpreting is the process
of recognizing patterns in collected data by making inferences, predictions, or
conclusions. Communicating is the process of describing, recording, and
reporting experimental procedures and results to others. Communication may be
oral, written, or mathematical and includes organizing ideas, using appropriate
vocabulary, graphs, other visual representations, and mathematical equations.
The student will accomplish these objectives to meet this process standard.
PS4.1
Report data in an appropriate method when given an experimental procedure or
data.
PS4.2
Interpret data tables, line, bar, trend, and/or circle graphs.
PS4.3
Evaluate data to develop reasonable explanation, and/or predictions.
PS4.4
Accept or reject hypotheses when given results of an investigation.
PS4.5
Communicate scientific procedures and explanations.
Process Standard 5: Inquiry – Inquiry can be defined as the skills necessary
to carry out the process of scientific or systemic thinking. In order for
inquiry to occur, students must have the opportunity to ask a question,
formulate a procedure, and observe phenomena. The student will accomplish these
objectives to meet this process standard.
PS5.1
Use systematic observations, make accurate measurements, and identify and
control variables.
PS5.2
Use technology to gather data and analyze results of investigations.
PS5.3
Review data, summarize data, and form logical conclusions.
PS5.4
Formulate and evaluate explanations proposed by examining and comparing
evidence, pointing out statements that go beyond evidence, and suggesting
alternative explanations.