Watch your language- Speak simply and clearly. Use short, complete sentences in a normal
tone of voice. Use actions and illustrations to reinforce oral statements.
Visual aids, prompts, and facial expressions help to convey meaning.
Pointing to the bookshelf while saying, "Please choose a book," or picking
up a pencil while saying, "Let's draw a picture of that," are more helpful
than merely repeating commands. Avoid using slang or figures of speech; they
often confuse learners.
Model correct usage
- When English
language learners make a mistake or say something that sounds awkward, they
are trying to apply what they know about their first language to English.
Respect the struggle inherent in learning a new language. For example, a
student from Mexico may say, "I lost the bus," instead of "I missed the
bus." In this case, the student is translating directly from Spanish, "PerdÃ
el autobus."
Value the culture of the learner -
Start by asking your students to teach you about the language and customs of
their country of origin. Then try learning a few words in their language.
Ask for help - The number of
languages spoken in the United States is astounding. You may be able to find
interpreters who can give you more information about the culture and
language of the students you tutor. Intercultural institutes in the
community can help you with cultural issues. In addition, International
Language Banks at some International Refugee Centers have interpreters who
may be able to assist you. Also check with social service organizations in
your community that may deal with immigration issues. The state bar
association should have a list of interpreters able to deal with legal
issues.
Encourage conversation
-
Meaningful interaction will speed progress. Activities like drama
and sports create opportunities for students to interact with fellow
students in meaningful ways. Tutoring sessions can take place anywhere-in a
field, in the gym, in a park. Push back from your desks and move around.
Think of learning a new language as a
process -
Many English language
learners may seem fluent socially, but they may experience more confusion
when tackling complicated academic tasks. (That's where you can help!) Have
your students make and keep a language journal to track their efforts to use
language in new ways.
